Efecto de seis meses de entrenamiento de resistencia sobre el umbral de lactato en corredores de larga distancia
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https://doi.org/10.68574/sportk.68Palabras clave:
Umbral de Lactato, UL, Entrenamiento de Resistencia, Atleta, Corredores de Larga DistanciaResumen
El umbral de lactato (UL) es el nivel máximo de esfuerzo que un atleta puede mantener durante un período prolongado sin provocar un aumento sustancial de los niveles de lactato en sangre. Durante la carrera de larga distancia, los músculos aumentan la utilización del lactato, lo que contribuye a su eliminación del torrente sanguíneo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el efecto de seis meses de entrenamiento de resistencia basado en el umbral de lactato en corredores de larga distancia. Participaron 100 sujetos (57 hombres y 43 mujeres), asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental (edad: 24,72 ± 3,26 años) y un grupo control (edad: 24,56 ± 3,07 años). Los datos se recopilaron antes y después de la intervención, al inicio y al final de los seis meses, con 10 minutos de calentamiento y 10 minutos de vuelta a la calma en cada sesión. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control en variables como la etapa del UL (3,82 frente a 3,18), la frecuencia cardíaca media (160,02 frente a 157,02), el tiempo empleado en completar 5000 m (18:13,8 frente a 19:00,1) y el ritmo de carrera (4,5 frente a 4,3) (p < 0,005). Los resultados del estudio sugieren que seis meses de entrenamiento de resistencia basado en el umbral de lactato mejoran el rendimiento en carreras de larga distancia. Sería útil que futuras investigaciones analizaran cómo diferentes protocolos y duraciones de entrenamiento de resistencia influyen en el umbral de lactato y en el rendimiento de resistencia en diversas poblaciones de atletas.
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